Old Delhi, New Delhi: Part 1

Shahjahanabad is not the oldest part of Delhi, but is called that: “Old Delhi”. In this very congested, lively part of the city, we stay at the Tara Palace Hotel, its door opening (by a doorman) towards a laneway of clattering bicycle repair shops, a sheet-filled laundry, delhi1_010with a tailor and his sewing machine busy upon the platformed counter. At a neighbouring compound is a seated watchman who, I decide, is not drunk but has had a stroke, or some such misfortune. Boys come and go bearing loads of boxes or planks on their backs. Emerging to the “main” street itself, Esplanade Rd, we delhi1_023encounter bullock carts waiting to load or being roughly hammered to repair, the big, patient white beasts slapped towards their wooden yokes, or pushed hard to move so a van may squeeze past. Straining cycle rickshaw men haul the more fortunate passenger-humans towards Chandni Chowk. One day, a garbage truck shovels up a mountain of food waste, plastic, and anything else imaginable that is discarded, skirted by businesslike dogs making selections from this smelly mountain, their personal restaurant. In the mornings, it’s walkable – by mid afternoon noisy and hectic, by evening, it’s an effort to find a passage.

And it’s hot. We are armed with umbrellas, hats, coated with an uncomfortable thickness of sunscreen and mosquito repellent layered on any visible skin. There is currently a serious outbreak of dengue fever and people are dying, the numbers increasing by the day. It is unlikely to affect us, as it is the poorest areas which are not well fumigated, but we are taking no chances (apart from that of being here in Delhi at all).

Around the corner we are suddenly in delhi1_007the full crush of Chandni Chowk (“Moonlight Square”), the main thoroughfare. This was once an elegant, tree lined boulevard, built by 17th century Mughal Emperor, Shah Jahan, and designed by his daughter, Jahanara. Its central canal is said to have reflected the moonlight, its bazaars to contain the finest silversmiths and perfumeries; the Emperor passed in procession along its length, from the Fatepuri Masjid at one end, to his citadel in the Red Fort (Lal Qila) at the other. After the Indian uprising of 1857 (known by the British as the mutiny), thousands of the inhabitants here were killed in reprisal. British forces razed the area, and filled in the canals. I was bemused to read that in the 1903 Delhi Durbar, led by Vice-regal couple Lord and Lady Curzon (seated on a most splendid elephant), they had the effrontery to process along this same avenue in honour of a new Emperor and Empress of India, King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra. It was a glittering occasion displaying great wealth, pomp and power. But the then-resplendent British Raj was soon to enter its final decades: already nationalist stirrings were afoot in India.

Where were we…oh yes, Chandni Chowk, 2013. Elephantless, Julie and Michael process with care over broken gutters and crammed footpaths, shaking heads at friendly but persistent offers of new handkerchiefs and pastel synthetic saris, of cheap shawls or deep fried foods. Just past the Sikh Gurdwara (scene of another historic slaughter), where handsome men in bright turbans sit in wide marble archways and pilgrims line up, barefoot, to enter, there is an intersection where we must cross to find the metro station. It takes sharp wits and focus to dart between the erratic traffic, and often I lose my resolve, becoming stranded on the narrow cement divider while Michael watches, amused, from the other side. Plunging across at a break, the next obstacle is the solid wall of cycle rickshaws lined up for custom so closely that it is difficult to slide between them to the safety of the footpath. At least, after seeing us pass several times, the ricksha-walas cease calling out distracting offers of rides to the spice market.

Past the homeless shelter, where women and children, old people, lie in sparse shade on traffic dividers and another garbage dump spills out on the street, obstructing foot progress, a market of fruit stalls leads towards a busy Hindu temple. The God over the entrance is riding a chariot drawn by an array of horses – I don’t think it’s Surya the Sun God though – must be one of the other 990 million or so versions of deity. Hanuman is there too, on the side roof. Could the charioteer be Rama? Krishna? That doesn’t seem right, somehow… there are stalls here selling flowers and tinselled offerings, and others where people queue for food, simple dahl and vegetable curry. There are men with nasty wounds, and very old women, with crippled hands, offering the cheapest of trinkets, seated on the ground in rainstorms and heat. Further down, towards a small park, is the family of lively child beggars, one small boy holding a baby that is suspiciously fast asleep. I never can ignore the elderly most of all, but stopping only rarely, we tread past all these struggling souls, as do the hordes of other pedestrians heading to and from the metro. The questioning of inequality, and the inability to find an answer, is a constant, visceral event, here.

delhi1_022On this day, we catch the metro first to Rajiv Chowk in central New Delhi, then change to the South Delhi line, on our way to Qutb Minar. I cannot imagine how Delhi managed without the Metro, which is still quite new, still under extension, and very crowded indeed. So crowded, that the alarming news is that one platform at Noida City Centre has sagged under the weight of commuters. We strap-hang in the crush, but are offered seats due to our advanced age, or perhaps our “foreigner” status, which attracts much attention. One man leans in to me and states “ You like India? Indians are very loving people!” Having just that morning at breakfast been reading the horrors of recent communal slaughter at the nearby city of Muzaffarnagar, I still nod politely.

But this theme of “loving Indian people” is to be repeated, later, in a conversation I have with a dashing doctor acquaintance in Landour. He tries to say, while speaking disapprovingly of the vindictive triumphal burning of the demon king Ravana in recent Ramlila celebrations, that for Indians such hate does not preclude having a loving nature; I explain in response that westerners also love their families and friends. The implication I sense quite often in such conversation is that westerners do not know about being loving. After all, we put our old people in nursing homes (yes, and they leave theirs to beg on the ghats of Varanasi, or places worse). Still, there is an emotional warmth in Indian people generally, that is reflected in their films, their devotional practices, their song, their vibrant colours, a general willingness to be joyous. “Be open to the moment” Dr (Major) Abhinav says to me, and it works, as we swing down Landour Bazaar and I become less shy, more happy, taking his advice.

Meanwhile, back on the metro, we disembark at the station for Qubt Minar. This area is in the more sparse environs of South Delhi, which more truly is the site of “Old Delhi”, or several versions of it. For at least six ancient kingdoms underlie, still visibly, the Delhi of our time: New Delhi, built by the British in the 20th century, is said to be the seventh city. Now, as we walk to the road to find an autorickshaw, a bird sings in a small tree, bringing me sharply alive to the moment. I’m here, I’m here now, I feel the air, see the red of the flowers. What would the world be, without the poetry of birds?

It’s very hot. Soon, autorickshaw paid and delhi1_014gone, the sun beats down on us in the green, tree filled grounds and burning surfaces of the Qubt Minar complex; we’re drawn ahead by the soaring pillar of inscribed stone that is this ancient minaret of the Delhi Sultanate dynasty, circa 1200 CE. Some chattery schoolgirls from Tamil Nadu rush up in excitement – they have come all this way on a school excursion, to see a famous national monument. They run ahead, and we all arrive at the remains of the first mosque ever built in India. Its huge arched entrances remain, and a gallery of carved pillars, clearly taken from a Hindu temple; it is really sad to see that the faces have been hacked away from all the apsara figures flying on the pillar tops.

Dwarfed by the enormous arches, yet elegant and mysterious in the centre of the main courtyard, stands the sixteen centuries old Iron Pillar, a wonder which never rusts. There is much of historical interest in this complex, and in the adjoining Mehrauli Archaeological Park – if you can find it.

The entrance to the Archaeological Park is along a nondescript, unmarked, dirt side road, which we enter twice, unsurely, before pressing ahead through a gate into a field, and a path that leads through a garbage dump. Beyond some trees we glimpse a domed tomb – though that is no uncommon sight in North India. Wary of snakes, we press on until the delhi1_006path opens out to reveal a treed, shrubby, wide acreage of many scattered monuments, and spread about, a band of workers cutting grass with scythes or resting in shady pavilions. We climb the weed embedded, cracked steps of a nearby tomb, which inside is cool, light, with exquisite blue and white patterned tiles lining the dome. It is always an indication of the immense richness of India’s past that, so often, ancient treasures are almost totally unnoticed and uncared for. Yet this natural aging, for me, allows a ghost from the past; the softening effect of crumbling edges, the lack of signposts and ticket keepers allows a more personal channel of connection. This is not always my feeling – I am very sad to see beautiful old houses fall to decay. And stone lasts much, much longer.

From here, the Qubt Minar rises into the blue, beyond a bank of trees; a toy sized airliner flies past its tip. The international airport is nearby. Below our blue tiled tomb the land falls to a shady water course and, I had read, to a step well, which we would have loved to find, if not for the very steep and mossy decline. By now we are tired too, from walking in the sun, and numbed by the presence of monuments. We decide to find just one more destination in South Delhi, on our way back to the station. But that is to prove easier said than done, and Haus Khas to be a quite strange, yet oddly revealing, destination.

Laneway outside Tara Palace Hotel

Laneway outside Tara Palace Hotel

Esplanade Road near Tara Palace laneway

Esplanade Road near Tara Palace laneway

Coconut seller in Esplanade Road

Coconut seller in Esplanade Road

Chandni Chowk

Chandni Chowk

Chandni Chawk

Chandni Chawk

Qutb Minar

Qutb Minar

Iron Pillar

Iron Pillar

Around old mosque courtyard at Qutb Minar

Around old mosque courtyard at Qutb Minar

Defaced apsaras

Defaced apsaras

Inscriptions on Qutb Minar

Inscriptions on Qutb Minar

Archway in Qutb Minar complex

Archway in Qutb Minar complex

Within Qutb Minar complex

Within Qutb Minar complex

Gardeners at Qutb Minar

Within Qutb Minar complex

Within Qutb Minar complex

Small mosque just at entrance to Qtab Minar complex

Small mosque just at entrance to Qtab Minar complex

Tomb in Mehrauli Archaeological Park

Tomb in Mehrauli Archaeological Park

Detail inside tomb

Detail inside tomb

Posted in India 2011, India 2013 | Tagged , , , , , , | 2 Comments

Pulau Langkawi

After all, we did not have to go through hell to get to heaven. The ferry from Georgetown was fine, for the four hours or so of the sea journey, as the monsoon was finished here, by this time in mid September. Dire warnings I read, of terrifying conditions and seasickness, had kept me awake much of the night in anxious anticipation, but they were warnings for July to early September. Now here we were, driving by friendly, springless taxi from the dock at Kuah, the capital, through lush lazy countryside to the beach of Pantai Cenang.

It’s a popular tourist strip, but with that casual coastal feel of a small town that is so familiar to most Australians. We’re dropped off at our hotel, Malibest Resort, where we’re met with a breezy Indian restaurant, film star posters on its walls, Bollywood song spreading happy emotions, Kingfisher beer in its fridge, and the sea sparkling beyond. The pleasure is short lived and is replaced with some alarm when we drag our packs through to our room on the beachfront. The room is fine, though a little “motel like” (and the next day we move to a hut), but the beach….oh no !

langkawi007The beach at Pantai Cenang that first day presents a scene that is reminiscent of M. Hulot’s Holiday, for those who remember that adorable 1950s Jacques Tati film with its affectionate, amused reflections on holiday makers (and on human nature in general), who seem convinced that technology is an essential part of true holiday pleasure. The long, curved beach with its gentle water is abuzz with wasp-like jet skis furiously tearing across the surface, spraying white plumes of foam, turning sharply in displays of macho “can-do”, or racing other jet ski heroes far out to sea, then unthinkingly screaming back to the shallows, into the timid bobbings of unaccustomed swimmers. Then there are banana boats, as I’ll call them, long tubes of inflated yellow and blue rubber that seat about 8 intrepid passengers (wearing life jackets) which are pulled by a speed boat, take a langkawi022wide bumping cruise of the bay amidst squealings and shrieks. They finally come to shore with a finale that involves a sharp turn, dumping all passengers overboard, to much hilarity and some alarm for the non-swimmers. Overhead, other thrill seekers hang from huge coloured balloons which are pulled across the sky by speedboats below, and motorized hang gliders rumble above too, dangling pairs of helpless looking passengers high over the water.langkawi005

The beach itself is strewn with holidaymakers taking various poses in front of friends or husbands armed with long lensed cameras. We are astonished at the number of people with such expensive, professional looking photographic equipment, but it seems to be paying its way, as it is the main entertainment for many beach goers perhaps unaccustomed to entering the water.langkawi023 Malay families pose in groups, some of the women wearing “burkinis”, one piece hooded swimsuits (which I think were developed in that seaside loving nation, Australia). Other women remain totally covered, though they do try to paddle in this very hot weather (only, in one case I noticed, for the woman to be reprimanded for having pulled her long pants a little above her ankles.) I was sad for the fully black-burqua-ed woman who so much wanted to swim that she flailed around in dragging robes, dipping and jumping, for a long time. The men, of course, may wear shorts, and swim quite comfortably. I wondered at the messagelangkawi021 given by one smartly dressed woman, who, although clad in long pants, long sleeves, and headscarf (tudung), had her clothes quite tightly fitted, made in overtly sexy leopard skin print. Her similarly middle aged husband seemed a laissez faire, worldly kind of chap; it is as if they followed the letter of the law, but not necessarily its spirit.

Indians remain quiet and modest on the beach, and generally did not seem to swim at all. Yet we saw proportionately few Indian visitors, as it was not the time of year they arrive (usually from Chennai, Michael is told). There are, similarly, few Europeans or other Western visitors, who are the only joggers and sunbathers of the groups, mostly overly sunburnt and wearing as little as possible. An abrasive, beery group of youngish men (Australian or British) walk past at times, exuding an atmosphere of cockiness I find unpleasant. Despite the prevailing modesty of the Malaysians, there is here a feeling of great tolerance, too. One young woman who worked in a grocery shop we frequented took a great attraction to Michael, and let him know it. She was rather miffed to find he had a wife. It is really interesting to us to notice the marked differences in demeanour between these cultural groups.

langkawi013Chinese visitors appear to be the keenest models in the photographic stakes. In pairs, wearing fluttering dresses and wide brimmed, pastel shaded hats, or in bikinis, they take magazine style poses with hips tilted forward and hand to brow, bend admiringly for a sea shell, or skip, laughing, over tiny waves. In groups, a popular photographic pose (for everyone) is the leap into the air, arms flung high in simulated ‘spontaneous’ joy. I’ve noticed this change in photographic posing elsewhere too – wide open mouthed smiles or shouts – a less formal style, certainly, than our ancestors’ grim formality! Our hut, situated on the beachfront, has before it a romantically swayed coconut palm, the kind you see in travel brochures or early South Sea Island films. This lolling palm is an ideal setting for single models to drape themselves over, and for fun-filled groups to cluster upon.langkawi016

Swimming is another occasion for mirth, splashing one’s friend being a requisite part of having a good time. I hate being splashed. It interrupts my communion with the sea – unless it is the sea that does the splashing. Beach going for pleasure, holiday making in general, is something new to some Asian societies, who may not until now have had the leisure or the money to have this experience. This novelty creates an awkwardness at times, a not-quite-fitting-comfortably with the situation – as occurs to most of us in new situations. Sadly, too often it also means that “holiday” is equated with rip roaring exhilaration, or the appearance thereof, rather than with quiet relaxation or other internal, or perhaps nature oriented, pursuits. Reading “Tripadvisor” reviews for Mt Abu in Rajasthan, a serene and friendly area usually visited in pilgrimage, we were alarmed to find that some Indian holiday makers now count it as dull, its lovely lake and mountain walks not providing the joy rides and night life deemed necessary for holiday fun. I hate to think of speed boats on Nakki Lake, funfairs on its banks…

That first day, it was unsettling to see that our time here could be immersed in noisy hijinks. But unknowingly, we had arrived on a national holiday, Malaysia Day – hence the unusual crowds. From then on, the beach was quiet all morning apart from the occasional walker or swimmer, until the cooler late afternoon, when vehicles begin to drive onto the beach pulling the banana boats and jet skis behind , and people come out from their retreats to photograph, ski, balloon, or ride. Some swim. The sunsets over the ocean and the off-lying islands are glorious.langkawi001

Another important holiday season is afoot – the Chinese Mooncake Festival, a mid Autumn fertility festival in SE Asia. Already in Penang we had bought the round mooncakes, delicious, like a coconut syrup cake, stamped on top with propitious messages. Michael had made the mistake of choosing a “special” one with duck yolk enclosed, and had to throw it away in fear of illness (and the horrible taste). Perhaps due to this festival, young Chinese holidaymakers have turned up in large groups. Unfortunately, our hut by the ocean is central, and a light outside means it makes a good gathering place. About midnight the high times begin, much laughing and talking, even shouting; some sort of competition seems to be afoot, for groups of revellers run up the small sand dune as if at a signal, screaming and thumping. The second night, it begins later. The young Dutch woman (on honeymoon next door) agreed with me that it was 3 am when a loud whistle was blown, waking us all with a shock. I was tired when we arrived here, and desperate for sleep. Michael manages to turn off the lights outside, but the caretaker resets them. After that, we wait till quite late each night to darken our area. But I sleep in a sort of fear that again the shouting, the running, which had taken on in my sleep-deprived state an almost demonic quality, would reoccur. As full moon draws near, my unease increases. But this group must have gone, for after those few nights, thankfully, I hear them no more.langkawi024

And the days are divine. We wake at leisure, make tea, walk northwards, the gentle water lapping, shells cast up by the evening high tide. The mountain fringed interior lay ahead in our sight, but we know we will not make excursions to the forests, the other islands or beaches. It is just good to be at peace. We swim, floating, in the warm, gentle water. After a few days, the sea grows stronger, the waves higher, much to Michael’s delight, for now he can surf properly, catching the waves. When we have swum, we sit on the verandah, cooled from the sultry heat, looking at the scene at our feet: the sea, the sky, the islands on each side, the coconut palm waving gently. A bird with yellow eyes sings sweetly. Lulled by it all, and the heat, we sleep in the afternoons, or lie looking out the door at the waves lapping, the sea murmuring in the sun, the lightest of breezes blowing through our open windows. At evening, we walk on the beach again, watching with delight the myriad human sights and the setting sun. Later, we cross the road to our favourite café, D’Khas, and eat delicious food – fresh, subtly flavoured and cheap, mixtures of vegetable, seafood and chicken with noodles or rice, the famous Malaysian blending of different Asian food styles.

Langkawi is known for its rich belief in myth and legend, its people said to be strongly influenced by its lore. The white sands of the islands are the blood of a princess wrongly accused of adultery, who cursed seven generations for her death. The sea eagle is the island symbol, and one night I dream of a man who must climb to the top of a very high roof, on which is perched an immense, strong eagle. Then I dream I am buying my mother a suit of clothes, thinking, it will be so nice to see her dressed in this soft colour. But I realise she is now too thin, too frail and I’m sad. How could I have gone away? When I wake, I remember she has died, and am devastated, all over again. These dreams are good, somehow. I feel I am reaching a deeper part of my soul.

As the moon grows full, the seas increase, and the breeze is stronger, though the days are still fine. There is a typhoon in the South China Sea, near Cambodia – not so far across the Malaysian Peninsula. The last two nights the waves creep up almost to our steps, the final night in particular, and they crash noisily – to my mind, fearfully. I wake and watch the moonlit sea for a while, as if to keep it in check. It feels that the Langkawi spirits tell us it is time to go, now.langkawi003
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Posted in India 2011, India 2013 | Tagged , , , , | 6 Comments

Georgetown, Penang: Part 2

We are making the journey to the top of Penang Hill (Bukit Bendera) by funicular rail. It is the scenario of many of my worst dreams: travelling in a car up or down a very steep hill – without brakes! In my dream though, I am driving. Perhaps in the hands of someone else (and WITH brakes, I am assuming) all will be well. What does this say about my confidence to manage my life? Hmm…penang121

Just to be on the safe side, I keep my eyes closed as the carriage approaches the near vertical section of the climb, or I look at my feet, or to the side, where ferns grow in the dripping rock. Part way up the carriage falters. I tell myself it is changing gear or something, and probably it is, for soon it continues to the top. Later I discover this rail ascends 75m of the steepest tunnel in the world.

We emerge onto a cool, rainforesty hilltop, 880 meters above sweltering Georgetown and the Straits of Malacca, laid out below. Roads branch off in several directions through the greenery, though most people who have made this excursion gather at a few central attractions – a Hindu temple, a mosque, a café, a small playground, and an owl museum. The most popular option, though, is to be photographed, with the fabulous view in the background.

penang086The outlook is rather hazy today, but we are lucky, as I have read that the rains have been heavy up here this week, causing several landslides onto the roads that wind around these hills. Some visitors are driven by golf buggies to the monkey gardens somewhere below, but we decide to walk to the Bellevue Hotel, a little way through the trees, beside a sign pointing to a “bird garden”. Besides, we’d like some lunch.

The Bellevue, on its brochure, is said to be “once a historic residence of Mr. Halliburton, the first Sherriff of Prince of Wales Island (Pulo Pinang); dating back to the early 18th century under the British East India Company” and the site is hence named “Halliburton’s Hill”. We find the dining room by walking through a central corridor – it is not a grand place, rather, a really pleasant large house. The dining room extends on to a wide penang122veranda set in its beautiful garden, with wonderful views of the sea. Inside, it is set up as if for a banquet, as if a group of guests is about to arrive. When we call out, as no-one is around, an elderly waiter appears to say yes, of course, be seated, and we find a table overlooking the greenery.

The gentlest of breezes is blowing and some soothing music begins to play quietly – it is the mesmeric sound of Enya. Red passionflowers twine down from the roof above and ginger flowers in the garden at our feet, along with many other exotic tropical species, some of which I’ve never seen. We walk down to the garden’s edge while the food is prepared and look out over the misty Straits below, and the misty forested rise just to the north, where the roof of an old, large, Malaysian bungalow and several similar out-buildings can be seen. This peace here, after the heat and crowds, is dreamlike.

penang039The waiter tells us the bungalow is the now abandoned Crag Hotel, once also an Officers Mess for the British Army, and developed by the Sarkies brothers in the late 19th C. These ethnic Armenians came originally from Isfahan, Iran, and also built such iconic SE Asian delights as the Eastern Oriental Hotel here in Penang, and Raffles in Singapore .

Michael and I decide to walk to Crag Hotel after leaving Bellevue, as it looks so close. But after toiling up and down some seriously steep roads in increasing humidity, meeting one major landslide, and with no idea which direction to take now that we cannot see from above, we return to the funicular station, and continue in the opposite direction. We are wandering for pleasure, but also in search of other colonial era bungalows, although few homes were ever built here, as the area is a water catchment for the city below. Some houses we do make out are hidden along steep private driveways, or can be glimpsed only above treetops, but we do walk by one that is enticingly close, behind a high clipped hedge on the roadway. Why this enchantment with old houses? I think it is to do with satisfying the imagination, and in this tropical region, two deep connections come together, for me.

Mauve flowers drop from tall roadside trees,penang007 and Michael sees the most enormous centipede making its way on a thousand legs across the damp bitumen. We watch, fascinated by its busy legged progress, to be sure no cars will flatten it. There aren’t many cars, though. It’s quiet. The grass is rampant and the soil wet and red, reminding me again, by its rich clean smell, of my early childhood in subtropical northern NSW. That is it! The colonial houses (a combination of loved memories and Enid Blyton stories), the vegetation ,the climate, its perfumes, the sea nearby, the feeling of the past that envelopes much of this place as it does Georgetown itself, brings me full circle to the mystery and allusions of my earliest years. This particular journey from Australia is much about that, for me, following on the enormity of my mother’s dying and death. It was so subsuming, so deeply transporting, that I need now to reassess my place in the world, the past, the future, my formative mythologies and emotions. I hope it will be a truer connection to the world than I have achieved before. But who knows?

We return to the funicular station and line up behind a gaggle of happy young women in colourful hijab, the Malaysian headscarf called “tudung”, or simply “cover”. It is becoming ubiquitous, though was not so until quite recent years, yet the women seem independent and unrestricted, in general, as their smiling faces and giggling girlfriend outings tell.

penang008At the bottom, we catch the bus to the Kek Lok Si temple nearby. This colourful complex of pagodas (the earliest begun in 1890), gardens, a turtle pond, shrines, monastery housing and many, many shops is now crowned by an enormous, serene faced (30.2 metre) bronze stature of Kuan Yin, Goddess of Mercy. In the carpark before the entrance is a line of sculpted seers and teachers of ages past.

The whole elaborate confectionary is a huge tourist drawcard, especially to visiting Chinese, both from Malaysia and increasingly, enormously, from China. Michael commented that the Chinese, having destroyed their cultural past and forbidden religion for so long, now seek to refind it in other countries – an interesting and most plausible theory. There is much real beauty in the Kek Lok Si, but again, it becomes satiating, almost a theme park of Chinese Buddhism (what else can we put in? oh yes, let’s have that too). And the lines of shop stalls at the entrance, and even at places within the complex, are certainly not in tune with the message of Buddhism – but nor would the commercialism of the Via Dolorosa, the Way of the Cross in Jerusalem, advance the message of Christ. Such is the way of the world. However, we were glad to buy a cool drink, while refusing offers of t-shirts, snow storms with encased gold Buddha, etc.

Outside, we catch a taxi back to Huttonpenang101 Lane. The driver is Indian Malay, a tired, informative man, who tells us of the enormous expense of living in Georgetown now, and the concern he feels at the divisive tactics of politicians in these days, who are subtly but effectively pitting the various communities against each other for their own power gain. Once, he said, we all lived side by side as brothers, whether Chinese, Malays, Indians. He is angry with the influence from Pakistan and the Middle East that promotes such division (and the Islamisation of society in other ways, such as the wearing of the tudung). Later, we would read in the newspaper the demands of an Islamic cleric that people must unquestioningly obey the leaders, or be going against the laws of Allah. Moreover, a controversy had broken out about Christian leaders in Malaysia who had used the word “Allah” when speaking about God. Although the Christians claimed they were merely speaking in the language of local understanding, as had been done for many years, they must now be prohibited from using the term “Allah”. Later, Michael finds an article (by the wonderful Waheed Ali) on this very topic: First the Islamic car, now you can’t say Allah.

The next day, we had further insight to this island’s colonial past, when due to a posting by my cousin Stuart, who is an aficionado of family history, we visited the old Christian Cemetery to search for the grave of their ancestor Jessie Henriette Cooke, who died in 1868, at the age of 16. Her father had been a General, stationed in Madras. The cemetery, beside a busy modern road, is protected by a moss covered wall and lines of frangipani trees, their creamy flowers strewn on the grass and footpath. Other, larger trees sprout moss and ferns, as do many of the headstones and tombs. It is picturesque and peaceful. We found Jessie Cooke’s grave,penang103 beside the grave of Francis Light, the founder of the East India Company township here – Georgetown. Other headstones tell of tragedies beyond present comprehension in the ‘developed’ world, at least, – families who lose one baby each year of disease, or the wife and baby both; another wife was “drowned at sea”. Europeans did not make old bones, then.

Nearby is the excellent museum of history, where we read of the arrival of each community, and their influence, including the Japanese occupation during WW2. It is all too much to speak of here, where I have already gone on too long, but we will include some of the photographs. Needless to say, I loved the history museum and felt it helped fill out my understanding of the people and atmosphere of Penang Island today. And at our next destination, Langkawi Island, we were to have many more chances to observe the cultural diversity of fascinating Malaysia.

penang124

Around Penang Hill

Around Penang Hill

On the path at Penang Hill

On the path at Penang Hill

House on Penang Hill

House on Penang Hill

Flowers at Bellevue

Flowers at Bellevue

Flowers at Bellevue

Flowers at Bellevue

Catching the funicular down

Catching the funicular down

Shrine at Kek-Lok-Si temple

Shrine at Kek-Lok-Si temple

Pagoda at Kek-Loc-Si temple

Pagoda at Kek-Loc-Si temple

Kuan Yin statue at Kek-Loc-Si temple

Kuan Yin statue at Kek-Loc-Si temple

Jessie Cooke's headstone

Jessie Cooke’s headstone

Chinese Apothecary

Chinese Apothecary

Travellers hostel at Botanical Gardens Penang

Travellers hostel at Botanical Gardens Penang

Old Chulia street

Old Campbell Street

Acheen St. Mosque. Built in 1808. It's unusual for it's Egyptian style minaret - most Malay mosques have Moorish minarets.

Acheen St. Mosque. Built in 1808. It’s unusual for it’s Egyptian style minaret – most Malay mosques have Moorish minarets.

Cheong Fatt Tze Mansion (Blue House) now also a hotel.

Cheong Fatt Tze Mansion (Blue House) now also a hotel.

Puzzling shop front sign!

Puzzling shop front sign!

Charming house shop

Charming house shop

Posted in India 2011, India 2013 | Tagged , , , , | 17 Comments

Georgetown, Penang: Trade Winds and Empire

Below our window at Hutton Lodge grows a hibiscus bush as tall as a tree, its red flowers orbited by little nectar seeking birds. Beyond, the other guests are eating breakfast under the porch roof. Shade would became a compulsion for me in Georgetown. I head for it like a retriever on a scent, yet am foiled by the motorbikes parked on the colonnaded footpaths, the displays of goods spilling out from shopfronts, forcing pedestrians on to scorching, traffic filled roads: it is a foretaste of India. The intense heat here is a constant companion, a very penang027tiresome one when my clothes cling damply and my head streams perspiration – but we are the fortunate ones, who can be immersed in air conditioned chill for bouts of recovery. Perhaps we will adapt to the heat before we reach Delhi, where the temperatures will be even higher.

Georgetown, and Penang more generally, ispenang046 famous for its wonderful food, but that first day is the only time we breakfast at Hutton Lodge. The one choice of limp white toast with strawberry jam and powdered milk teabag tea is just not a good beginning. Quickly we find a local café a few doors down and from then on have spicy, ricey breakfasts (with eggs) and sweet but delicious tea, with a hint of perfume – could it be rosewater, a Middle Eastern tradition?

penang002For evenings, we walk to the Teksen Restaurant, a bustling Chinese eatery, ever full of customers, where under the whirling fans we eat unfailingly delicious meals (the garlicky eggplant and ginger duck dishes were my favourites). The efficiency of its waiters is a pleasure to watch. Some of these are elderly women; others young and refreshingly uncaring of appearance or of glamour: cheery and alert, the sort of people you’d love to have beside you in an emergency – or as waiters in frantic restaurants. They also serve restorative chrysanthemum tea, hot or cold, and beer too!

Other nights, we find hawker food penang082courts, and select dishes quite novel to me. “Fried oysters” are delicious round marbles of flavour cooked in a type of soft omelette – an unlikely combination, I’d have thought!  And there is creamy spiced fish, steamed in banana leaf parcels. This delight is produced by a tiny woman, bent double with age, who offers her dish from table to table, with a smile like sunshine. Conservatively, (though there is penang079nothing conservative about Michael’s food adventures) I do not try the “glass lettuce”, “sweet and sour ostrich” and “Thai dried fish stomach soup”. But I’m sure they are just the ticket, to those in the know.

Almost miraculously, considering the pace of development, the old district of Georgetown has been saved from destruction in the name of high-rise by some brave and visionary souls, who realised its historical importance and its tourist potential. The old opium dens that Michael noted during his travels more than thirty years ago penang084may no longer be there, but Chinatown and its people remain, along with several of the glorious clan houses and temples. Close by, beautiful mosques mark the Islamic presence with dignity and simplicity, the domes and minarets bringing a sense of their origins in lands far away. Little India clamours along with the irrepressible style of Indians anywhere, filmy music filling the air, sari shops spilling colour, the Sri Maha Mariamman tpenang037emple at its heart – she who is the great mother protector, goddess of rain and disease (smallpox).

Not least of all these cultural pleasures, the colonial district stands elegantly on the waterfront, the Eastern and Oriental Hotel its icon, and surely the desire of every traveller. Though do I really want to be so privileged above the majority of my fellow humans? Not really, no. Already I have more than my share. And those dreams never quite meet the expected reality.

That first day of discovery we caught sight of penang047a most beautiful, graciously aged gateway, and in the greenery behind it, a temple, with an air of having been forgotten . As we stood, wondering about this place, which felt almost secretive in its ornate yet subtle quietness, an Indian man of our age (as he revealed) came to speak with Michael. He had lived here his whole life – 60 years – and had never noticed this building until he saw us regarding it. How strange! It felt almost fateful. As we walked further, along a similarly beautiful arcade, painted pale green, with exquisite windows and doorway, penang049we found that this temple is part of a now famous complex, the Pinang Peranakan Mansion, which serves as a museum of objects, architecture, and a way of life from long ago. Watching from a poster at the entrance is the elegant lady, the nyonya, of the mansion, preserved by photography for this future in which we now find our time.

The Straits Chinese became known as Perpenang050anakan, a people who had assimilated aspects of other cultures – the Malaysians, the British, Southern Indian, Thai – and fused these influences into the food, attire, household goods and architecture of their opulent lifestyle. As a child of the mid twentieth century, much of the colonial era is remnant of my own memory, familiar and precious from early childhood: our grandmother’s house, with its treasures of oriental or 1920s and ‘30s furniture and penang056china, some gifted by a seafaring great uncle, evoking an imagined inheritance of security and peace along with their beauty – an intimation of how-things-should-be, a dream to refind, as time went by and as that era disappeared. This is right and good – as the Buddhists say, life is change, and the only happiness comes when that truth is accepted – but to my mind the world seems less gracious now, though our knowledge and attitudes are so expanded.

penang074Peranakan Mansion is a showcase of its time, and fascinating for that, yet after the initial pleasure and wonder, its excesses palled, for me. Glass fronted cabinets are packed with collections of china, Victorian glass domes, decorative coloured glassware, which also stand on table tops and sideboards of heavy, carved timber, on floors of patterned tiles or parquet. Etched mirrors reflect tureens of flowers, beside penang063enormous framed portraits of baba and nyonya at their wedding, or of more formal and forbidding ancestors. Elaborate gilded doorways lead to reception rooms filled with more riches, mother of pearl encrusted chairs, great Chinese screens patterned with birds and flowers, or idyllic rustic scenes. The complete kitchen is set apart below, perfectly preserved in its 1930s style, with rows of storage pots or baskets and banks penang073of enamel cookware. The family had not heard the expression “less is more”, it seems. Beautiful objects are lost in the crowded space, even made tiresome to the satiated beholder. But still I wished my mother and aunt, and Marjorie and Noni too, could be with us to see all this. They’d have loved it. It made us smile to think of bringing them with us to Georgetown – but then we had done so, in spirit.

In Pinang Peranakan Mansion, and in penang057Georgetown generally, so replete with historical threads, I found myself drawn to my own ancestors, my own remembered past, and stories told or imagined that paint my memory in shades of love, wonder, fear or mystery. A visit to Penang Hill the following day was to draw out other poignant associations, but of a different nature entirely.

Pinang Peranakan Mansion mirror

Pinang Peranakan Mansion mirror

Pinang Peranakan Mansion inlaid furniture.

Pinang Peranakan Mansion inlaid furniture.

Pinang Peranakan Mansion street door

Pinang Peranakan Mansion street door

Pinang Peranakan Mansion room detail

Pinang Peranakan Mansion room detail

Pinang Peranakan Mansion kitchen

Pinang Peranakan Mansion kitchen

Pinang Peranakan Mansion screen

Pinang Peranakan Mansion screen

Pinang Peranakan Mansion wash basin

Pinang Peranakan Mansion wash basin

Pinang Peranakan Mansion wall painting

Pinang Peranakan Mansion wall painting

Pinang Peranakan Mansion window

Pinang Peranakan Mansion window

Pinang Peranakan Mansion temple detail

Pinang Peranakan Mansion ancestor

Pinang Peranakan Mansion ancestor

Pinang Peranakan Mansion Victorian dome

Pinang Peranakan Mansion Victorian dome

Pinang Peranakan Mansion room

Pinang Peranakan Mansion room

Pinang Peranakan Mansion central inner courtyard

Pinang Peranakan Mansion central inner courtyard

Pinang Peranakan Mansion front door window

Pinang Peranakan Mansion front door window

Pinang Peranakan Mansion kitchen

Pinang Peranakan Mansion kitchen

Pinang Peranakan Mansion room

Pinang Peranakan Mansion room

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By train along peninsular Malaysia, or…

… let’s get this jungle ship-shape! We are leaving for Penang. The bare arcades of the train station in Singapore have the feel of a Soviet institution, not that I have ever seen one, except in Polish films and my novel-fed imagination. Smooth. Creepily smooth. Long featureless passageways bear signs saying “Do not loiter or gather”, with a general sense of “forbidden”. This observation is mainly poetic licence, of course. Singapore is not threatening to that degree at all, at all, but subliminally I worried that I might accidentally eat chewing gum and leave it under a chair or on the floor, be found with sleeping pills in my bag and hang for drug offences, or mention the king and go to jail (oh no, that’s Thailand). I’m the sort of person who feels guilty when I even see the police. And new arrivals are form-stamped and scrutinised by staff in heavy brass-button uniforms on entering the country at Changi Airport (even that name has unfortunate connotations, for Australians).

The Singaporean officials at the railway station were not there to be friendly to foreign guests, or possibly anyone else. There were no washroom facilities anywhere in the immense halls, but “across the road”, I was told. That is, somewhere on the other side of a major highway. We lined up with other waiting passengers in a chrome fenced corridor and in due time were stamped through two sets of Customs, one to leave Singapore, the next to enter Malaysia. I do like Singapore, with its polite, orderly people, its cleanliness, its racial mix and history, but have also read about the suppression of dissent, the state organized events to create a feeling of community. Apparently though, that does not work. Tensions simmer.

The Malaysian train was fine, a little worn and shabby, but not at all crowded, and we had taken first class seats (sitting) for the journey of almost 15 hours to Butterpenang015worth. They cost about the same as second class and looked the same, too. When the guard came around with a bottle of water and a piece of banana bread in welcome, he seemed surprised we were going so far – as was anyone else we spoke with. It was fun, as trains always are for a while, to watch the world pass by, first the smaller towns on the outskirts of Singapore, then into the countryside of Malaysia. This noticeable change immediately reminded me of South India and felt familiar, with its mix of new and old buildings in the towns and the blowsy tropical vegetation, roadside puddles of water and big shady trees. It was all so green, so lush.

But soon the palm oil groves, row after row, began to appear, and the natural rainforest mix to diminish to little pockets beside the rail tracks, or on steep hillsides impossible to cultivate. I kept thinking of the monkeys, the birds, the flowers we had seen at the zoo and all the myriad other creatures – insects, frogs, lizards, pythons and the botanical world – that would have no habitat at all. What becomes of them when the forests are levelled?

The palm plantations stretched as far as the eye could see, up slopes, down valleys and at times right to the rail tracks, at different stages of growth – some very small palms, while others, tall and older, were swathed in lovely parasitic growth of many types of ferns. That pleasing sight was cause for hope, that nature is so resilient.

Strangely, as we travelled, we saw few people on the roadsides, and really none at all on station platforms, except for the odd passenger penang014boarding the train. In this way, it was strikingly different to India, where people are just everywhere and the railway platforms are hives of activity, commerce and fascination to the onlooker. In fact, the only people I remember clearly at passing Malaysian stations were a middle aged Indian couple fare-welling their pretty daughter as she joined our carriage.

After several hours, we resorted to eating the pleasant-enough rice dishes from the dining car, and later a strange chicken hamburger that consisted solely of white bread roll (unbuttered) and chicken patty. We also ate the banana bread, and nuts we had brought along, mainly for “time pass”, as Indians say. We drank very sweet tea from the dining car too; I read my book about Stephen Alter’s childhood in the Himalayas, while Michael was enjoying “The Great Arc”, the fascinating story of the trigonometrical survey of India, which underpinned its mapping. I watched the other people, the passing stations, and snoozed.

A few seats away were two French couples who had also boarded at Singapore. They were animated and chatty, had turned their seats to face each other and played a game of cards, for a while. But as hours went by, we noticed that one of the women was unstoppably garrulous – she just never ceased talking, and not monotonously, but brightly, with animation. Her husband fell asleep, and the other husband appeared trapped by politeness to keep engaging with her, though he resorted to merely nodding. I was astonished at her energy, and immensely grateful I was not travelling with her myself. I too can be garrulous, but only in short bursts – it worries me then that I will be thought unsociable. It was a peaceful relief when they left the train at the station for Ipoh. That name reminded me of Joan and Nico’s journey to Malaysia, with Alex, and I thought of them being here.

The woman sitting opposite was of late middle age and wearing the headscarf and long caftan of Malaysian Islamic women, and had a round olive skinned face with fleshy features, which appeared kindly, intelligent and dependable. She was also ‘time pass’ eating. Eventually we spoke: she and her husband had lived in Australia, in Canberra, in the 1970s, as attaché to the Malaysian Embassy, and her daughter lived there now. They were travelling to their home in Kuala Lumpur. In the near distance, now, I could see the famous Petronas Twin Towers of that city. The KL station was, again, strangely empty – large, antiseptic cement platforms with elevators and not a single person in sight. She left me her newspapers, and a feeling of friendliness, and I began reading with interest.

The editorial was an injunction to Malaysia’s people to accept with good spirits the recent government lowering of the petrol subsidy (meaning fuel prices had increased). It sensibly reminded them that petroleum supplies were limited and that costs would only increase worldwide; it was best to accept this with grace, maintaining a good attitude in life for their own sakes and that of the nation. Hmm. How refreshing! An actual uplifting editorial! Other articles also had an air of positivity about the nation. It was a pleasant change from the depressing carping in Australian newspapers which we have been subject to in recent years, despite our prosperity and security. However, if the newspapers reflect the political views of their boards, then perhaps we will suddenly all be uplifted in Australia too, since the party of big business has now won power. Already, we no longer have to be concerned about vexing points such as climate change, women’s issues, aged care concerns, or refugee arrivals. We don’t even need a science ministry any more. I am reminded of that very funny and accurate song by the Chaser team’s Andrew Hansen, “When They Stop the Boats” (… when refugee boats are prevented from arriving, Australians will all be fabulously rich, will have no sexual problems, their children will all do well in school, etc etc).

On the train, the day changed to night, and the night wore on. We began to feel stale, and the train trundled more slowly the nearer we drew to Butterworth. When it was an hour past its due time to arrive, I began to want to shoot the driver. It’s called “tired-passenger-rage”. It wasn’t as if the tracks had been busy, or the stops many. We would miss the last ferry to Georgetown, at this rate! Finally, inch by inch, we creaked ipenang016nto Butterworth Station, leapt from the train and rushed to the ferry terminal, seeing the lights of Penang Island sparkling across the water. An hour later we were there, standing by a deserted roadside, ignoring the offers of a lift from a thin, wild looking man in a decrepit, unmarked car, and hoping for a taxi. It came.penang001

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Turtles in Singapore

I’m far away now, but I’m remembering Australian summer evenings swimming in the creek, when swallows dip and swoop after insects, and the platypus drift like sticks, then curl their slick and furry backs into the depths. Water dragons leap from the rock ledge. A eucalyptus leaf, gondola shaped, drifts downstream, and on breezy days a thousand tiny blossoms alight from the trees. I know all these creatures – even once the shock of the black snake, swimming from bank to bank. But for years I was puzzled by the small triangular snouts, which would pop up from the water’s surface and regard my quiet breast stroke approach, eye to eye, as we were. Was this something I should fear, we both wondered? When I realized they were turtles, it was an immense relief, though it is likely the same could not be said from their viewpoint.singapore017

I remember those turtles of Booroolong Creek while watching thesingapore018 smiling faces and watery balletic movements of the larger, paler turtles at Singapore Zoo. They reach on floating tiptoe to grasp at the waving greenery deposited for their lunch. Above their glassed-in water cavern, a proboscis monkey sits on a branch contentedly munching a similar leafy bundle. The fleshy protrusion of its nose (surely unnecessary) is sadly too much like a flattened, flaccid penis, a truly awkward feature that is not only the reason for its name, but undoubtedly and ironically its main attraction. Msingapore001eanwhile, outside this sheltered grotto, it is raining, a late monsoon shower, and the sound of water on leaves, water from the many little rainforest streams and small waterfalls, enhances a great sense of peacefulness in this lovely zoo, in the steamy heat.

We arrived last night into the smoothness of Singapore. singapore016The long smooth road from airport to city centre is edged by perfectly smooth clipped hedges, many miles of them. The taxi, air conditioned to perfection, has padded seatbelts, to sit soft and smooth against the body. There is no question of the fare – it is a smooth payment of a fair meter price. Perak Hotel, on the edge of Little India, is elegant, smoothly rusingapore015n, clean and welcoming. We walk around the corner, where even Little India is far reduced in chaos to Real, Big India, but happily, still exuberant and colourful, easy going. It is a type of easy going that is purely Asia, to us, making our bodies smile. It’s late and most shutters are down, but we share a Kingfisher beer, and eat a murtabak from a tiny restaurant, and it’s delicious, the chilli just right for my taste – not too hot in the mouth, but sparking on the throat. We’re here at last again, after a long, not-so-smooth road of the last years.

At the Zoo, thousands of long, pinksingapore011 filaments sway from some sky reaching trees; there are smaller rainforest trees too, on islands amongst the streams and pathways, where tiny cotton-top monkeys dart elusively, or small otters play in the shallows, overhung by bright red waxy flowers. singapore005The rain is soothing, making a quietness, people smile and wander, and there is barely a camera in sight.

We follow a jungly pathway, and there close by, but beyond a river and ravine, are two white tigers. One lies beneath a rock ledge, while the other restlessly stalks the bank, staring with menace (or frustration) at the humans on the other side. White tigers, the noticeboard says, are all descended from one rare capture by the Maharajah of Mysore, and singapore006since then are only found in captivity. Does this somehow make them less what we think of as “tiger”, I find myself wondering? Not in their essence, no, the wild power is there to be seen in the pacing male’s eyes, its fluid body which is, fascinatingly, almost impossible to photograph in its ceaseless motion. But is a creature so contained, so controlled, born only in captive conditions, still “wild” – surely the keysingapore008 word to our inner cognition of “tiger”… I am sorry, tiger, I say inwardly. I photograph it, compulsively, but pointlessly.

I do not photograph the polar bear. It lies immense, sleeping, white, furry, in its ice cave, its own small iceberg ocean near by. It is alone, too, except for the families lined up to sit by the glass and be photographed with a polar bear. It makes me too sad, this lonely polar bear in the tropics. And who cannot think then of the melting world of the icecaps. Besides, I’m cold there, and now I feel vulnerable with jet lag and the change in temperature. We all are more vulnerable than we know – more than we want to know.

But out there, oh joy, the gibbons aresingapore019 whooping and swinging and everyone can’t help but smile. Woo, WOO, WOOOOOP! The one near our path climbs with agile monkey limbs to the very highest reach of its tree, woops as loud as can be, then lies carelessly along a branch for a short nap. He springs up, hangs by one hand, hangs by two hands, and woops some more, answering the call from several trees distance. We singapore010wonder why these monkeys without cages, without wired-in fences, stay in this one place. So too the flamingos, pale pink and white, elegant coconut ice queens, on long legs dipping long necks to the stream from the greenest of grassy banks, and the kingfisher, swallowing with difficulty a large goldfish it has speared from the pond below. They could just fly away. But this world is perfect for them, we suppose, they have no need to leave, it is their territory now.

Out there is the Singapore of wide highways and high rise human endeavour. Here, with the trees and the animals, was the very best way to spend our one day passing through the smooth city. I take with me the exuberant song of the gibbon, and the turtles’ smile.

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